PHAJAS: 2016

Friday, 15 April 2016

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What is HTML?

HTML is a markup language for describing web documents (web pages).
HTML stands for Hyper Text Markup Language
A markup language is a set of markup tags
HTML documents are described by HTML tags
Each HTML tag describes different document content

HTML Example

A small HTML document:

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html>

<head>

<title>Page Title</title>

</head>

<body>

<h1>My First Heading</h1>

<p>My first paragraph.</p>

</body>

</html>

Try it yourself »

Example Explained

The DOCTYPE declaration defines the document type to be HTML
The text between <html> and </html> describes an HTML document
The text between <head> and </head> provides information about the document
The text between <title> and </title> provides a title for the document
The text between <body> and </body> describes the visible page content
The text between <h1> and </h1> describes a heading
The text between <p> and </p> describes a paragraphUsing this description, a web browser can display a document with a heading and a paragraph.

HTML Tags

HTML tags are keywords (tag names) surrounded by angle brackets:

<tagname>content</tagname>
HTML tags normally come in pairs like <p> and </p>
The first tag in a pair is the start tag, the second tag is the end tag
The end tag is written like the start tag, but with a slash before the tag name

	The start tag is often called the opening tag. The end tag is often called the closing tag.

html

HTML Editors

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Write HTML Using Notepad or TextEdit

HTML can be edited by using professional HTML editors like:

Microsoft WebMatrix
Sublime Text

However, for learning HTML we recommend a text editor like Notepad (PC) or TextEdit (Mac).

We believe using a simple text editor is a good way to learn HTML.

Follow the 4 steps below to create your first web page with Notepad.

Step 1: Open Notepad (PC)

Open Notepad in Windows 8 or later:
Open the Start Screen (the window symbol at the bottom left on your screen). Type Notepad.

Open Notepad in Windows 7 or earlier:

Click Start (bottom left on your screen). Click All Programs. Click Accessories. Click Notepad

.Step 1: Open TextEdit (Mac)

Open TextEdit.

Please be sure that the text editor is set to plain text. Go to: Preferences > New Document > select plain text.

Also make sure both "Display html file as html code" and "Display RTF file as RTF code" options are checked under "Open and Save".

Then open a new document to place the code.

Step 2: Write Some HTML

Write or copy some HTML into Notepad.

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html>

<body>

<h1>My First Heading</h1>

<p>My first paragraph.</p>

</body>

</html>

Step 3: Save the HTML Page

Save the file on your computer.

Select File > Save as in the Notepad menu.

Name the file "index.html" or any other name ending with html or htm.

UTF-8 is the preferred encoding for HTML files.

ANSI encoding covers US and Western European characters only.